How much do you know about the ventilation system of the chicken house?

With the development of large-scale farming, modern chicken coops with automatic control systems such as automatic water supply, automatic feeding, automatic egg collection, automatic ventilation, automatic temperature control, and automatic cooling with wet curtains have become the most common form of chicken coops. Today, we will give a detailed introduction to the calculation, installation, and specific ventilation of fans in modern chicken houses.

A fan is mainly composed of several components such as an outer frame, shutters, protective nets, fan blades, motors, and support frames. When the motor starts, the blades of the fan rotate, and the shutters automatically open, and when the machine stops, the shutters are automatically closed to prevent dust and foreign matter from entering the chicken house, and also to avoid the influence of rain, snow, and downwind.

According to the material of the fan frame

It can be divided into FRP fans, galvanized sheet fans and plastic steel fans:

1. That is fiber-reinforced plastics, which combine the hardness of glass with the characteristics of being hard and unbreakable. High-temperature resistance, acid and alkali resistance, light and stable, long service life (up to 20 years), the price is more expensive than other materials;

2. The main material is galvanized white iron sheet (or steel plate), which is the most common fan at present. The price is relatively affordable, but the service life is short (generally 8-10 years);

3. Frames made of PVC profiles are rarely used on the market due to their fragility.

According to the way of transmission

Belt type: It is the most common fan transmission mode at present, that is, the belt is used for transmission between the motor and the blades. This method can ensure that once the blades operate abnormally, the motor will not have problems;

Direct type: The fan blades are directly mounted on the motor. This method reduces the power loss caused by transmission. Under the same power condition, the ventilation rate is generally about 10% higher than that of the belt type, and the noise of this method is relatively small. However, in this way, once the blades run abnormally, the motor is prone to burnout and other problems.

Fan blades are generally made of aluminum alloy, stainless steel, aluminum-magnesium alloy, nylon, and iron, and the most commonly used ones are aluminum alloy and stainless steel, which are affordable and practical.

About the installation of the side fan

The fundamental purpose of any side fan installed in the chicken house is to maintain the minimum ventilation of the chicken house.

The number of side fans = the minimum ventilation rate at the maximum body weight of the chickens in the house ÷ the ventilation rate of the fan.

For example: to build a chicken coop with 30,000 chickens, the maximum average weight of each chicken is 3 kg, then the number of side fans = 30,000 x 3 kg / x 0.0155 cubic meters per minute. kg (minimum ventilation coefficient) ÷ 280 cubic meters / minute = 5 units.

Considering the fan loss caused by various reasons, the actual power of the fan is generally much lower than the power of the label, so it is necessary to install 1-2 more fans during the actual installation.

About the installation of longitudinal fans

The number of vertical fans installed is related to the cooling in summer. The high temperature in summer can reduce the body temperature of the chicken flock by increasing the wind speed in the chicken house to achieve the wind-cooling effect.

That is: the number of longitudinal fans = the cross-sectional area of the chicken house × the expected wind speed ÷ the ventilation rate of the fan (due to regional differences, the high temperature and humidity in summer are different in different regions, so the expected wind speed is also different)

In the same way, considering the fan loss caused by various reasons, the actual power of the fan is generally much lower than the power of the label, and 1-2 more fans must be installed during the actual installation.

The ventilation method used by the fan

1. Natural ventilation

Open the air inlets on both sides of the chicken house without using any ventilation equipment, so that the air inside and outside the chicken house can circulate freely;

2. Positive pressure ventilation

The fresh air outside the chicken house is blown into the house by the fan to generate positive pressure in the house, and then the turbid air in the house is discharged out of the house through the air outlet on the other side. This method is generally reflected in the winter when the heater and silk heater are used for heating, and it is not used at other times;

3. Negative pressure ventilation

It is commonly used in almost all modern chicken houses in the current farming industry.

The fan is installed on one wall of the chicken house, and an air inlet is set on the wall on the other side. After the fresh air flows in from the air inlet, it passes through the chicken house and is discharged out of the house by the fan. The ventilation principle is that after the fan is started, the air pressure inside the house is slightly lower than the air pressure outside the house, and the fresh air outside the house will automatically flow into the house under the influence of negative pressure.

In actual production and application, negative pressure ventilation is divided into horizontal ventilation, transitional ventilation, longitudinal ventilation, and duct ventilation:

1.Horizontal ventilation mode

A side fan on one wall of the house exhausts air, and a small air inlet on the other wall takes in air. The purpose is to keep warm and ventilate. It is generally used for young chickens (1-2 weeks) or cold winter.

2.Transitional ventilation mode

The vertical fan at the end of the house exhausts the air, and the small air inlet on the side wall of the house takes in the air. The purpose is to ventilate as much as possible on the basis of heat preservation, so as to ensure the fresh air in the chicken house, which is generally used for older days (after 3 weeks) or in spring and autumn.(for China's climate)

3.Longitudinal ventilation mode

The vertical fan at the end of the chicken house exhausts the air, and the wet curtain enters the air. The purpose is to cool down, and it is generally used in summer with high temperatures and high humidity.

4. Duct ventilation mode

The ventilation pipe crosses the chicken house or leads to the middle of the chicken house, and drills holes in it. After the fan is turned on, the air enters from the outer opening of the pipe and comes out from the hole in the pipe. This method is the best ventilation method in the cold season and in the early stage of breeding.

For modern large-scale breeding, the use of fans plays an extremely important role in the entire breeding process, so the number of installed fans must be calculated accurately, rather more than less, to ensure that there are spare and sufficient. As for the location and mode of installation, it is necessary to grasp it according to the different areas and different ventilation modes, but it is the same in principle. If you see the end, it means that the article I wrote is not bad, please subscribe and follow us LongMu.