Five points for raising laying hens Part 2

6. Reasonable adjustment of stocking density

The stocking density directly affects the growth and development of the chicks, especially the uniformity of the chicks. If the density is too large, the chicken's range of activities is small, squeeze each other.The density of chicks is too small, resulting in waste of chicken coops and chicken equipment, no heat preservation, and low economic benefits. Generally, it is advisable to raise about 20 chicks of 1 to 7 days old per square meter area. Afterward, with the increase in age, the number of feeding animals was gradually reduced. When adjusting, the weak chicks should be reared separately, so that they can gradually keep up with the level of the large group.

7. Beak breaking

Beak breaking is indispensable work in the layer chicken farm feeding. During the feeding process, chicks often have a pecking addiction. Beak breaking is the most effective measure to prevent chickens from pecking addiction, and it can prevent the waste of feed. Beak trimming is best performed at 7 to 9 days of age. 2 mg of vitamin K should be added to the feed 3 days before and after beak trimming to reduce the stress response. After the beak is cut off, if there is a bleeding chicken, it should be cauterized in time until all the bleeding stops. After beak cutting, it is necessary to ensure sufficient water and material, and strengthen the ventilation system of the chicken house, so that the cut-beak chickens can breathe fresh air and enhance their cardiopulmonary function.

8. Develop a reasonable epidemic prevention system, and do a good job in epidemic prevention and deworming.

According to the breed of chicks, the brooding season, and the epidemic characteristics of local epidemics, the epidemic prevention procedures suitable for the field are formulated. It should be noted that deworming drugs and vaccines must be produced by reliable manufacturers, transported and stored as required, and used according to the instructions for use.

9. Keep the environment quiet, do a good job of sanitation and disinfection

Chicks are very cowardly and are very sensitive to small changes in the surrounding environment. Any disturbance from the outside world will cause severe frights to the chicks, causing the chicks to squeeze each other and cause death. Therefore, the brooding room should pay attention to keeping the environment quiet to prevent cats and dogs from entering and disturbing; outsiders are not allowed to visit.Do a good job of sanitation and disinfection inside and outside chick house and chicken equipment, and use two or more disinfectants when disinfecting.

10. Strengthen management

The breeder should always check the chicks feeding and chicks drinking conditions, and pick out weak and sick chicks by observing the mental state of the chicks. Chicken manure should be observed every morning. Normally, it should be gray-white with a layer of white urate on it. It is moderately thick and curly. If it is found that the stool is abnormal, effective measures should be taken in time.

(3) Key points of feeding and management in the 9-20-week-old breeding stage

1. Growth and development characteristics of the chicken

The precipitation and accumulation ability has improved, and the body weight in the early stage determines the size of the bones and body shape of the adult chicken. About 95% of the bone growth is completed at the age of 11 to 12 weeks; in the later stage of breeding, it is an important factor for the growth and development of abdominal fat. During this period, abdominal fat increased by 9.5 times. If there is too much fat deposition in the body, it will directly affect the laying performance of laying hens. The reproductive system of laying hens develops slowly from 12 weeks of age and develops rapidly at 18 weeks of age.

2. Key points of feeding and management of bred chickens

If the key to the brooding stage is to control the house temperature and ensure the quality of the feed and the physique of the chicks, then the key to the rearing stage is to control the body weight (body maturity) and sexual maturity. The breeding goal of laying hens is to breed young hens with high production capacity and physical strength to maintain long-term high production. To achieve this goal, it is required that the bred young hens should have the following characteristics: the growth of body weight meets the standard, has a strong physique, can start production promptly, has the physical strength to maintain sustained high production, and has strong disease resistance, To ensure that the flock can safely pass the laying period.

1) Pay attention to the maturity of the chicken group. The body weight is the basis for the chicken group to exert good production performance, and it is an important basis for the chicken group to mature, which can objectively reflect the development status of the chicken group. If the chicken flock is up to the standard weight, the bones are well developed and can be synchronized with sexual maturity, the flock will start to lay neatly, the peak of egg production will be high, and the peak period of egg production will last for a long time. ① Weight Management During the breeding period, the body weight of the chickens shall be randomly measured at the proportion of 5% to 10% of the chickens every week (the weight of the chickens can be measured universally per hour), and the weight growth of the chickens shall be monitored at any time to determine whether they have reached physical maturity. The body maturity judgment is based on the standard body weight of the breed. In actual production, when the body weight of 17-18 weeks old is within ±10% of the standard body weight, it can be considered that the chickens have reached body maturity. You can choose automatic feederline system to control the chicken weight ② Evenness management Evenness refers to the percentage of chickens within ±10% of average body weight to the total number of weighed chickens, which is an important indicator of weight control. The uniformity of high-yielding flocks should generally be above 85%. 2) "Controlling the sexual maturity of chickens" Sexual maturity refers to the growth and development of chickens to a certain stage, the development of reproductive organs and secondary sexual characteristics has been completed, and they can reproduce. Light and feed can be controlled according to body weight to ensure the synchronization of body maturation and sexual maturation. 3) Restricted feeding of rearing chickens Restricted rearing should be adopted in the later stage of rearing, especially for medium-sized laying hens, to prevent the rearing chickens from depositing too much fat in the body after 12 weeks of age, which will affect the ability to lay eggs. Adjusting the nutritional level of the diet: Under normal circumstances, to prevent excessive body weight, quality-restricted feeding can be adopted so that the crude protein level of the diet does not exceed 14%, or the total amount of feed intake can be restricted by limited feeding. Under normal circumstances, the feeding amount is maintained until the chicken can eat up before the lights go out. If the body weight is low, it is necessary to increase the nutritional level of the diet, increase the feeding amount, and ensure that the weight of the basket is within the normal range. Feed amounts and nutrient levels of the feed are adjusted based on weekly body weights.

(4) Feeding management during the laying period (20-80 weeks old)

1. Staged feeding cannot be ignored The laying period of commercial laying hens is divided into three sections, and diets with different nutritional levels are fed at each stage to meet their needs.In the early stage of egg production, that is, from the start of production to the peak of egg production (40 weeks of age), the egg production rate is more than 80%.

2. Scientific feeding time and frequency To maintain the strong appetite of the chickens, they must be fed in divided doses every day, with a certain amount of empty trough time, to prevent the feed from being stored in the feeder pan for a long time, causing the chickens to develop anorexia and picky eating habits.

3. Drinking water should be cut off in time for 24 hours, the egg production will be reduced by 30%, and it will take 25 to 30 days to return to normal; if the chickens are cut off from water for 36 hours, the egg production will not return to the original level, if the water is cut off for more than 36 hours, Some chickens will stop laying eggs, resulting in molting. Therefore, sufficient drinking water must be supplied promptly for the drinking line.